The Office of Scientific Intelligence (OSI) was established in 1949 as a division within the CIA, focusing on intelligence related to scientific and technological developments with potential security implications. Created during the early Cold War, OSI was essential in gathering, analyzing, and disseminating scientific information to assess threats, especially those posed by advancements in nuclear and missile technology by foreign adversaries. The formation of OSI represented an early effort by the CIA to understand and manage global scientific developments and paved the way for later, more specialized intelligence efforts in science and technology.
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